Eazi Web

Force a PDF to download

2011-11-17T21:34:00.001-08:00

I recently needed to force a PDF to download using Apache. The default behaviour for most browsers is to try to open the PDF inside the browser itself. This is fine for a small PDF or for powerful machines - but a large PDF on even a modest machine can often lock the browser up. This needed fixing!

Little R&D of the Apache documents, you can get FilesMatch option which takes Regular Expressions. Initially I used something like this...


  ForceType application/pdf
  Header set Content-Disposition attachment

This worked PERFECTLY - except some files had upper-case extensions and some had lower and I could see situations in the future where combinations of upper and lower case would be used too - just to piss me off! Because of this, not even this would work...


  ForceType application/pdf
  Header set Content-Disposition attachment

That would match perfectly - as long as it was an EXACT match on upper OR lower case.
I was reaching the end of my patience - that is until I read the Using Character Classes on PerlDoc.
This showed me that I could force the RegEx (short for Regular Expressions) to match in a case-insensitive manner. This lead me to the following...


  ForceType application/pdf
  Header set Content-Disposition attachment

However this only worked in proper browsers - and the bulk of the world are sadistic enough to use Internet Explorer based ones. For some reason, if Internet Explorer see's the content type "Application/PDF" it will simply open it up in the reader. The solution? Why not pretend its a bog standard Octet Stream, just like a Zip file? After all, that's basically all it is; a binary file... A steam of bytes.

<FilesMatch "\.(?i:pdf)$">
  ForceType application/octet-stream
  Header set Content-Disposition attachment
FilesMatch>

And there you have it… A perfectly working modification to force all PDF files to download - this will work for any file extensions you chose to put into the FilesMatch argument!

Impotant Note :

You can put this code in either the htaccess or the vhost configuration for your server.
You can read more about FilesMatch at the Apache Document page.

Android Basics 2

2011-09-14T06:18:00.000-07:00

As per the first step of leaning any thing u have to configure the environment so just follow what is here (i wont go into details of installation)

http://developer.android.com/sdk/installing.html

Now to the concepts

there are some basic concepts we should have a look at,before going into details

From a developer's perspective, the fundamental building blocks / components of Android are:

1. Activities

2. Services

3. Broadcast Receivers

4. Content Providers.

The means of communication between the above mentioned components is through

1. Intents

2. Intent Filters

The User Interface elements are by using what are called:

1. Views

2. Notifications

Now lets simply define these concepts

Activity : Activity is the presentation layer for a Android App. in Simple words Activity is the screen visible to user. Every screen in an application is an activity by itself each activity is an independent entity.For Example A screen Showing Key pad to type the text.
Services : Services are the background tasks/program that can be executed for a a specific task.For example, a service might play music in the background
Broadcast Receiver : Broadcast Receiver is a component that can receive and respond to any broadcast announcements from the system. for example, a broadcast announcingthat the battery is low.each broadcast is delivered as an Intent object .(Intentent described below)
Content Provider : A Content Provider manages application dataou can store the data inthe file system, an SQLite database, on the web, or any other persistent storage location yourapplication can access. Through the content provider, other applications can query or even modifythe data (if the content provider allows it).
Intents : Intents are the messages passed between the components just like the parameter passed between APIs.mostly Intents are async.
Intent Filters : Intent Filters are the mean through which component advertise their capabilities to do a task/job/operation to ANDROID platform.
View : User Inter face of activities. simply any drwable object used as an element like button and Image etc
Notifications

Android Basics 1

2011-09-14T04:43:00.000-07:00

My current employer is cellular compny providing Value added services (VAS ) to different cellular companies like Mobilink ,Warid and Telenor etc across the country.
as the world is going to mobile computing so we are going to start delivering services for different handsets like android, iphone nokia etc....

In the first phase ANDROID.
so here we be updating our day to day learning and concepts so keep going and enjoy ANDROID development.........

extend flexigrid

2011-09-13T03:07:00.000-07:00

It's quite easy to understand, what's the magic behind
flexigrid, so I am not a afraid of not beeing able to update, since my
flexigrid at least twice as powerfull as the original one... In Germany we
say "Kosten Nutzen Rechnung", dunno if the translation "Costs and Benefits
Calculation" will point it out...

But here's something for you!! You can extend any jquery plugin easyly by
using the correct extender-function.

look at the end of the flexigrid.js. here you will find several extentions,
the author already implemented. Just Copy-Paste one of them, change the name
und the method, that will be called... add private method to flexigrid..

Example:

$.fn.flexReload = function(p) { // function to reload grid

return this.each( function() {
if (this.grid&&this.p.url) this.grid.populate();
});

}; //end flexReload

This function should be in your flexigrid.js already. Copy that and paste
it like this:

$.fn.flexMyExtendedFunc = function(p) { // function to reload grid

return this.each( function() {
if (this.grid&&this.p.url) this.grid.myprivatefunction();
});

}; //end flexReload

Now, search for the function "populate" ... you'll find something like this:

populate: function () { //get latest data
if(p.loadingIndicatorFunc)
p.loadingIndicatorFunc(true);
var g = this;

[....]

Again.. Copy paste the whole function and rename it to "myprivatefunction"
and, of course, change the code inside the function.

You can pass parameters as well!

And now you may ask, how to call this function??

very easy!

Let's says, you have a "

You did "$("#myFlexTable").flexigrid(...); somewhere...

Now just call $("#myFlexTable").flexMyExtendedFunc();" and the code INSIDE
the flexigrid ("myprivatefunction") will be executed. You have full control
in here... you can access all variables, the flexigrid uses...

And what about updating?

If you really JUST add a new extension method AND ONLY add methods to the
flexgrid-plugin, you can easyly copy-paste them to a new version.... That's
how I would do it... Anyway, trust me, if you ll get to understand the code,
the other way - adding updates via copy-paste to your version of flexigrid,
might be a lot faster...

Hope that helps some people out there, who try to expand the flexigrid.

Source code http://flexigrid.info/

How to install LAMP (Apache, PHP and MySQL in Linux) using Yum - Techie Corner

2011-09-12T03:26:00.000-07:00

How to install LAMP (Apache, PHP and MySQL in Linux) using Yum - Techie Corner: "Below are the steps to install LAMP (Apache, PHP and MySQL in Linux) using Yum:-

Open a terminal (if you are using X-Window), and type

yum install httpd

and follow on screen instruction to install apache web server
Once apache web server has been installed, type

yum install php

Once PHP installed successfully, type

yum install mysql-server mysql php-mysql

Once everything finish,
you can do all the above steps in a single command like
yum install httpd php mysql-server mysql php-mysql
type

service httpd start

to start your apache web server, screen will show you if web server service successfully started

type service mysqld start

to start your mysql server"

'via Blog this'

Cross domain ajax calls

2011-09-12T02:39:00.000-07:00

http://www.ajax-cross-domain.com/

Flexigrid

2011-09-09T05:54:00.000-07:00

Flexigrid:

Lightweight but rich jquery php data grid with resizable columns and a scrolling data to match the headers, plus an ability to connect to an xml based data source using Ajax to load the content.

Similar in concept with the Ext Grid only its pure jQuery love, which makes it light weight and follows the jQuery mantra of running with the least amount of configuration.

Mastering JSON ( JavaScript Object Notation )

2011-09-04T23:16:00.000-07:00

Mastering JSON ( JavaScript Object Notation )

20 Years of Linux [Infographic]

2011-08-18T02:23:00.000-07:00

Linux celebrated it’s 20th birthday this week. During these twenty years Linux has evolved remarkably from an ordinary computer application that could do nothing much than bootin-up a computer to now a full scale and highly featured operating system, which is still free.

Linux Foundation, at the occasion of it’s birthday, released following infographic which pretty much shows the transition that Linux has undergone during the years.

At the end there’s a video as well – to better understand the concept of Linux, just in case if aren’t aware of it’s business rules.

Tell Us: Do you think you are Being Trapped by Google?

2011-08-18T01:50:00.000-07:00

Google has become an essential part of our online lives. Gmail, Google Docs, Search Engine, Feed Reader, Maps, Google Earth, YouTube and What Not?

I am not doubting the ease this single company has brought to our lives, but at the same ever you thought that Google stores all the activities you do on internet, for instance, what searches you did, emails you send, your mobile number and much much more – there is a huge list we can make. For a sneak peak, find out what information Google stores about you by clicking this link: https://www.google.com/dashboard/

There are good chances that Google knows that you are looking for admission in a medical college in Abbotabad, or maybe it knows well that you are preparing a research report on a particular topic for your degree project or even it may know your medical history as well.

Instead of commenting further – we want to hear from you in comments, and question is

“Ever you thought that Google knows too much about you? If not, are you thinking the same now? What’s in your mind – say it” (Silent Readers are also requested for input)

Expect a follow up post on the same topic – but first, we want to listen you.

linux commands for every web developer/Software engineer

2011-08-17T12:46:00.000-07:00

scp - Linux command line tool to copy files over ssh

scp [[user@]from-host:]source-file [[user@]to-host:][destination-file]

e.g

scp abc.TXT root@10.215.3.150:/home/user/xyz.TXT

from-host: Is the name or IP of the host where the source file is, this can be omitted if the from-host is the host where you are actually issuing the command
user: Is the user which have the right to access the file and directory that is supposed to be copied in the cas of the from-host and the user who has the rights to write in the to-host
source-file: Is the file or files that are going to be copied to the destination host, it can be a directory but in that case you need to specify the -r option to copy the contents of the directory
destination-file: Is the name that the copied file is going to take in the to-host, if none is given all copied files are going to maintain its names

Restart MySql Ubuntu

To restart Apache2 on Ubuntu, we enter the following command in a terminal such as bash:

restart mysql

service mysql start

Restart Apache2 Ubuntu

To restart Apache2 on Ubuntu, we enter the following command in a terminal such as bash:

/etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Of course, you most likely will need to be the superuser to do that so you might need to enter the following command and then your password when requested:

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

some of the basic linux command

2011-08-15T22:30:00.000-07:00

There are many common Linux commands that will be helpful to you, if you ever even use the command line interface in Linux. Most average users just use the graphical user interface instead which usually has many tools and front-ends to Linux common commands. This Linux tutorial on command commands will help even the average user in case X server crashes, fails, is not properly configured, etc. So continue reading for some of the more common Linux bash commands.

Some of the more common Linux shell commands are listed below for more information on each command you can always run man [command] and this will bring up the manpage for that command, you can also click on the commands listed for some common examples and syntax.

First before I list them any syntax in [] will need some kind of input from you normally, for example:

man [command] you will want to actually replace [command] with the shell command you want to read the man page for: man ls will give you the man page for the Linux shell command ls.

linux ls command – is used to list files on the filesystem.
file – command that will check the filetype, this will output to you what the file type is no matter what the extension is.
mkdir command – used to make directories on the filesystem.
cd – is used for changing into a different directory in the Linux shell
cp – is the Linux copy command, this shell command is used to copy files|directories from one location on the filesystem to another.
mv – the Linux terminal command to move files|directories. Like the cp command, but deletes the original source.
rm – shell command in Linux to remove files|directories.
Linux cat command- this command is used to print|view the contents of a file to the screen|terminal.
grep – command used to search|find contents of a file and print|view on your terminal|screen.
Linux more and less – commands that will allow you to read output of files, unlike cat that will output the entire file at once, even if it is too large for your terminal more and less will output only as many lines as the shell you are in can output, and allow you to scroll through the file contents.
chown – Linux command to change ownership of a file|directory.
Linux chmod – command that allows you to change mode of user access|permissions, basically set read, write, and execute permissions.
Linux ps – lists the current running processes on your Linux system
Linux kill and killall commands – used to kill|terminate running processes

Unpacking or uncompressing gz files under Linux and UNIX systems

Using gunzip command:

$ gunzip file.gz $ ls file

Using gzip -d command:

$ gzip -d file.gz $ ls file

If file extension is tar.gz, type the command:

$ tar -zxvf file.tar.gz

Please note that gunzip can currently decompress files created by gzip, zip, compress, compress -H or pack programs.

Chromium on Ubuntu ! [HOW TO]

2011-06-24T11:49:00.000-07:00

Chromium is an open source web browser. The project was founded by Google, which built Google Chrome on top of the code of Chromium. Sadly enough, only a Windows version of Google Chrome as been released, leaving the rest of us in the dust.
What I learned today is pretty awesome.

While I knew that Linux and Mac versions were in the works, I found out that a PPA repository for daily builds of Linux’s Chromium does exist ! (we’re talking about a native non-using Wine version)

Before explaing how to install it, let me just specify we’re talking about alpha builds, and pretty incomplete ones. Just basic web surfing works.: Chromium may don’t work, make your loose data or make your loose your cat. Remember if that anything breaks, you’re on your own – install it only if you’re confortable with restoring your system/data. Also keep in mind this disclaimer on the PPA’s launchpad page:

Ubuntu daily builds of the Chromium browser.
The PPA is maintained by a bot, so it contains completely untested builds, mostly useful to track regressions or if you are curious, or just brave.

The package is still a work-in-progress, so is Chromium, please be patient.

FAQ: no native 64bit debs planed for now. The amd64 package is using ia32-libs.

Project page for Chromium in Ubuntu: https://launchpad.net/chromium-project

How to install Chromium on Ubuntu

Open your /etc/apt/sources.list file !

gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Add these lines at the very bottom of it:

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/chromium-daily/ppa/ubuntu intrepid main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/chromium-daily/ppa/ubuntu intrepid main

then upload and install:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install chromium-browser

Update: due to some bug Chromium requires the msttcorefonts package to actually show content (otherwise it will just show a blank content area). So, make sure to have multiverse repositories enabled and also type:

sudo apt-get install msttcorefonts

promote your business and post jobs

2011-03-12T16:07:00.000-08:00

promote your business and post/get jobs for free at http://www.electronicpakistan.com/
no need to login

Installing Apache2 With PHP5 And MySQL On Ubuntu 10.10 (LAMP)

2011-03-08T21:41:00.000-08:00

Untitled Document

LAMP is short for Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP. This tutorial shows how you can install an Apache2 webserver on an Ubuntu 10.10 server with PHP5 support (mod_php) and MySQL support.

1 Preliminary Note

In this tutorial I use the hostname server1.example.com with the IP address 192.168.0.100. These settings might differ for you, so you have to replace them where appropriate.

I'm running all the steps in this tutorial with root privileges, so make sure you're logged in as root:

sudo su

2 Installing MySQL 5

First we install MySQL 5 like this:

aptitude install mysql-server mysql-client

You will be asked to provide a password for the MySQL root user - this password is valid for the user root@localhost as well as root@server1.example.com, so we don't have to specify a MySQL root password manually later on:

New password for the MySQL "root" user: <-- yourrootsqlpassword

Repeat password for the MySQL "root" user: <-- yourrootsqlpassword

3 Installing Apache2

Apache2 is available as an Ubuntu package, therefore we can install it like this:

aptitude install apache2

Now direct your browser to http://192.168.0.100, and you should see the Apache2 placeholder page (It works!):

Apache's default document root is /var/www on Ubuntu, and the configuration file is /etc/apache2/apache2.conf. Additional configurations are stored in subdirectories of the /etc/apache2 directory such as /etc/apache2/mods-enabled (for Apache modules), /etc/apache2/sites-enabled (for virtual hosts), and /etc/apache2/conf.d.

4 Installing PHP5

We can install PHP5 and the Apache PHP5 module as follows:

aptitude install php5 libapache2-mod-php5

We must restart Apache afterwards:

/etc/init.d/apache2 restart

5 Testing PHP5 / Getting Details About Your PHP5 Installation

The document root of the default web site is /var/www. We will now create a small PHP file (info.php) in that directory and call it in a browser. The file will display lots of useful details about our PHP installation, such as the installed PHP version.

vi /var/www/info.php

<?php  phpinfo();  ?>

Now we call that file in a browser (e.g. http://192.168.0.100/info.php):

As you see, PHP5 is working, and it's working through the Apache 2.0 Handler, as shown in the Server API line. If you scroll further down, you will see all modules that are already enabled in PHP5. MySQL is not listed there which means we don't have MySQL support in PHP5 yet.

6 Getting MySQL Support In PHP5

To get MySQL support in PHP, we can install the php5-mysql package. It's a good idea to install some other PHP5 modules as well as you might need them for your applications. You can search for available PHP5 modules like this:

aptitude search php5

Pick the ones you need and install them like this:

aptitude install php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-idn php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-mhash php5-ming php5-ps php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl php5-json

Now restart Apache2:

/etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Now reload http://192.168.0.100/info.php in your browser and scroll down to the modules section again. You should now find lots of new modules there, including the MySQL module:

7 phpMyAdmin

phpMyAdmin is a web interface through which you can manage your MySQL databases. It's a good idea to install it:

aptitude install phpmyadmin

You will see the following questions:

Web server to reconfigure automatically: <-- apache2

Configure database for phpmyadmin with dbconfig-common? <-- No

Afterwards, you can access phpMyAdmin under http://192.168.0.100/phpmyadmin/:

market your product and Post jobs (www.electronicpakistan.com)

2011-02-16T03:43:00.000-08:00

www.electronicPakistan.com provide a huge upsurge in sales, and a significant decrease in expenses, thus making it a clever and astute business move. A website:

* Acts as an inexpensive showroom, storefront and salesperson to your local market and beyond — 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
* Serves to satisfy the phenomenon of customers increasingly researching purchases before buying, thus leading to an informed customer who is ready to buy.
* Allows for mailing lists to send the same email message to hundreds of customers for the same cost as sending to one. No more huge postal costs, or licking envelopes.
* Can provide answers to frequently asked questions, which reduces the costs of staff having to answer the same thing over and over.
* Provides a shopping experience that is both convenient and timesaving. (And for women, satisfying!)
* Gives your business a great advantage over your competitors and consequently provides an opportunity to capture their market share.
* Doesn’t limit a business to its location; you can reach a wider and more diversified market.
* Makes it easy to collect and collate information on the purchasing patterns of your customers, thereby allowing a vendor to cost effectively alter their sales and promotion methods.
* Can accept automated orders and payments for products.
* Can facilitate an online database of products, which is quick and easy to modify; whereas traditional media catalogues cannot be altered without great expense.

What is jQuery

2010-02-21T21:25:00.001-08:00

jQuery is an amazing JavaScript library that makes it easy to create wonderful web effects in just a few lines of code. As the website says:”

“jQuery is a JavaScript library that takes this motto to heart: Writing JavaScript code should be fun. jQuery achieves this goal by taking common, repetitive, tasks, stripping out all the unnecessary markup, and leaving them short, smart and understandable.”

Maybe you are thinking… “Why I would need another JavaScript library”? Just give a try and you will see how simple and powerful it is even if you have already used Moo.fx, Scriptaculous, TW-SACK or Prototype.
Why I should use jQuery?

Simple. In just one glance at the source code of a page using jQuery you’ll see how easy it is to use, how much it accomplishes in so few lines of code, and how graceful it is.

My mind was opened one day when I stumbled across some code written with jQuery. I was flipping through the RSS feeds and reading my daily dose of web design blogs when I came across an example of JavaScript loveliness that used jQuery. Truth be told, the code on that site had some browser related bugs… but the concept was something I hadn’t seen before.
What about the code?

The code looked almost simple. Like nothing I had seen before. It made sense.

I started reading through the documentation and was amazed to see how much could be done with so little extra code.
When you can use jQuery?

You should use jQuery when you need:

* A small library that gives you powerful control over the Document Object Model
* With very little effort or work on your part

Or

* Quick access to AJAX
* Without a lot of bloat (overhead - wasted code)
* And some basic animation effects to spice things up

But…

If you need super fancy effects for animation, drag and drop, and super smooth animation then you’ll probably want to use Prototype and one of the many great library created to enhance the effects.
Where to get it?

You can download the source code (15k), a lot of plugins and read some excellent tutorials at the jQuery website. jQuery was created by John Resig.

How To Install Dreamweaver CS3 In Ubuntu Hardy

2009-12-02T02:33:00.000-08:00

It would be great if there is a Linux build of the popular Dreamweaver CS3, or that it could be easily installed via WINE. The truth is, none of the above work. There is no Linux version, nor will it work via WINE direct installation. The only way to get it to work is to port it over from a Windows installation.

If you are new to Dreamweaver CS3, it is one of the best, if not, the best web editor software in the market. While there are many open source and free web editors out there, none of them come close to it in term of quality and capability. Although it comes with a hefty price tag of $399, it is well worth the money if you are into serious web developing. As such, if you wish to follow this guide and install Dreamweaver CS3 in your Ubuntu machine, please make sure you have the licensed copy, or proceed to Adobe to make your purchase. Do not attempt to use illegal software.

Initial Installation – WINE

We will need WINE to create a Windows environment for Dreamweaver. If you have already installed WINE, you can skip to the next section.

sudo apt-get install wine
winecfg

The WINE configuration window will pop up. Click OK to close the window. You can now find a .wine folder in your Home directory (if you can’t see it, go to View and check “Show Hidden Files“).

Porting Dreamweaver CS 3 From Windows

Install your Dreamweaver CS 3 in Windows. (For this step, I would advise you to install it on a Windows virtual machine so that you can transfer files between the two OS easily later on.)

Now there are 5 main folders that you need to copy to your Ubuntu machine.

1) Open up File Manager and navigate to C:\Program Files. Copy the whole ‘Adobe‘ folder to Ubuntu /home/username/.wine/drive_c/Program Files folder.

2) Still in the Windows File manager, navigate to C:\Documents and Settings\your-windows-user-name\Application Data (if you can’t find the Application Data folder, go to Tools->Folder Option->View and select ‘show hidden files and folders‘) and copy the whole ‘Adobe‘ folder to Ubuntu /home/username/.wine/drive_c/windows/profiles/All Users/Application Data/

3) In the Windows File manager, go to C:\Program Files\Common Files and copy the whole ‘Adobe‘ folder to Ubuntu /home/username/.wine/drive_c/Program Files/Common Files

4) In the Windows file manager, go to C:\WINDOWS\system32 and copy the whole ‘marcomed‘ folder to Ubuntu /home/username/.wine/drive_c/windows/system32

5) In the Windows file manager, go to C:\WINDOWS and copy the whole ‘WinSxS‘ folder to Ubuntu /home/username/.wine/drive_c/windows

Next, we need to import the Dreamweaver registry to WINE.

In your Windows, go to Start->Run. Type in ‘regedit‘ and press Enter.

In the window that pop up, on the left pane, navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE-> SOFTWARE->Adobe->Dreamweaver. Right click on the ‘Dreamweaver‘ folder and select ‘Export’. Save the file as dreamweaver.reg

Copy this dreamweaver.reg to your Ubuntu home folder.

Now you need to convert the registry file to ASCII format.

sudo apt-get install recode
recode ucs-2..ascii dreamweaver.reg
wine regedit dreamweaver.reg

At this time, you have successfully ported all the necessary files from Windows to Ubuntu. To test your installation:

cd .wine/drive_c/Program\ Files/Adobe/Adobe\ Dreamweaver\ CS3/
wine Dreamweaver.exe

Dreamweaver CS3 should now launch.

Creating entry in Applications menu

To create an entry in your Applications menu, right click on the Applications menu and select ‘Edit Menus’.

Scroll down to the Wine->Programs entry and select New Item. Enter the following

Type: Application
Name: Dreamweaver CS3
Command: wine /home/username/.wine/drive_c/Program\ Files/Adobe/Adobe\ Dreamweaver\ CS3/Dreamweaver.exe

Click Close. You should now see an entry in your Application menu. You can drag the entry to your desktop or to the panel to create a shortcut.

HTML Tags

2009-10-30T00:39:00.001-07:00

Beginning HTML Tags!

A web browser reads an HTML document top to bottom, left to right. Each time the browser finds a tag, it is displayed accordingly (paragraphs look like paragraphs, tables look like tables, etc). Tags have 3 major parts: opening tag(s), content(s), and closing tag(s). Recall that a completed tag is termed an element. By adding tags to an HTML document, you signal to the browser "Hey look, I'm a paragraph tag, now treat me as such."
Advertise on Tizag.com

As you will learn, there are probably hundreds of HTML Tags. Tables, images, lists, forms, and everything else being displayed on an web page requires the use of a tag or two.
HTML Code:

<openingtag>Content</closingtag>
<p>A Paragraph Tag</p>

Tags should be lower-case letters if you plan on publishing your work. This is the standard for XHTML and Dynamic HTML. Here's quick look at some HTML tags.
HTML Tags:

<body>Body Tag (acts as a content shell)
<p>Paragraph Tag</p>
<h2>Heading Tag</h2>
<b>Bold Tag</b>
<i>Italic Tag</i>
</body>

Tags Without Closing Tags

There are a few tags that do not follow the mold above. In a way, they still have the 3 parts (opening/closing and content). These tags however do not require a formal </closingtag> but rather a modified version. The reason being that these tags do not really require any content. Rather some of them just need a source URL and this is enough information for the web browser to display the tag properly (image tags). Let's take a look at a line break tag.
HTML Code:

<br />

To tell the browser we want to place a line break (carriage return) onto the site, it is not necessary to type <br>linebreak</br>. If every line break tag needed all three components as other do, life would become redundant real quick. Instead the better solution was to combine the opening and closing tags into a single format. Other tags have also been modified such as the image tag and input tag.
HTML Code:

<img src="../mypic.jpg" /> -- Image Tag
<br /> -- Line Break Tag
<input type="text" size="12" /> -- Input Field

Display:

--Line Break--

As you can see from the above image tag, your browser is completely capable of interpreting this tag so long as we tell the browser where the image is located using the src attribute. More on attributes in the next lesson.

2009-10-30T00:39:00.000-07:00

2009-10-25T21:30:00.000-07:00

Beginner's Web Site Creating Guide

Welcome to Tizag.com's introduction to HTML and web design. This short tutorial is aimed to give newbies a little experience in writing HTML code, saving their files correctly, and viewing the completed works in a web browser. Regrettably this tutorial cannot teach you the basics of using a computer, so please be sure that you meet the following requirements:

Know what notepad is and how to use it
Are able to open up a file using Internet Explorer (or the browser of your choice)
Know how to copy and paste text from a webpage (important!).

If you are lacking the ability of the aforementioned items please contact a local geek and ask nicely for a quick lesson.

Tutorial Overview

In this tutorial you will be transcribing code into notepad and then viewing it with a web browser. The code is called HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) and notepad is a commonly used text editor on Window PCs. HTML may seem confusing at first, but we will help you understand how it works in this step-by-step tutorial of how to make your first web page.

Your First Web Page

To start off with copy the following HTML code into notepad. Be sure to copy the code exactly, otherwise your web page may not function correctly.

HTML Code:




<html>
<head>

<title>My Own Webpage!</title>
</head>

<body>

<h2>Welcome to my webpage</h2>

</body>


</html>

The above code is all that is required to create a basic web page! Now save your file in notepad by selecting Menu and then Save. Click on the Save as Type drop down box and select the option All Files.

When asked to name your file, type "index.html", without the quotes. Double check that you did everything correctly and then press save. Remember where it was saved to because you will need to open this file, soon!

Viewing Your Web Page - Web Browsers

To view your web page, you are going to have to use a web browser (of course). Web browsers are programs that interpret HTML, like what you have just copied into notepad, and transform that code into a visual representation, or a web page. Common web browsers include:

Internet Explorer
FireFox
Opera
Netscape Navigator - R.I.P.

Viewing your page

To view your web page, you must open the "index.html" file inside of a web browser. Open up another browser window and then follow these instruction.

In the new browser window, select File then Open
Then click Browse to enter Windows Explorer
Do you remember where you file is? Good, then navigate to its location
When you find your file, index.html, double-click the file to open it inside your web browser

Success! You have just viewed your very first webpage.

If this did not work for you, please go through the steps again and follow the directions closely. If you still can't get this to work, please Contact Us and we will get you up and running.

First Web Page - Review

Very good! Now let's be sure that you remember what you learned in this lesson.

how to copy some weird looking text (HTML) into notepad
how to correctly save this weird text in notepad
how to open your saved file and view the your webpage

Your Second Web Page

Now that you have created your first webpage, let us examine the different segments of your "index.html" file. You have probably noticed a pattern of various words that are surrounded with <>. These items are called HTML tags.

An example of an html tag is . The Body tag tells the browser where the page's content begins. Body is also an example of one of the required HTML tags that every web page must have.

Basic HTML Tag Information

Let's learn more about these tags. A basic web page is composed of 2 main tags. If you create a web page without these tags you will be in trouble!

HTML Code:



<html>
<head>

<title>My Own Webpage!</title>
</head>

<body>

Your site's content goes here

</body>


</html>

The first HTML tag, which conviently is labled tells the browser that your HTML code is starting. The second HTML tag, tells the browser that the visible part of the webpage ( your content ) is going to start.

Closing Tags -

You might be wondering what is the deal with the two tags at the end, and . These tags are telling the browser that certain tags are ending. The lets the browser know that your content is ending, while the tells the browser that your HTML file is finished.

The "/" that is placed before the tag's name informs the browser that you would like to stop using the specified tag. is used to begin a tag and is used to end a tag.

HTML Tag Order - Important!

The order that opening tags appear and ending tags appear follow an important rule. If an HTML tag is opened within another, for example the body tag is opened inside the html tag, then that tag(body) must close before the outter(html) tag is closed.

We ended the body tag first because it was opened most recently. This rule of "closing the most recent tag before closing older tags" applies to all HTML tags.

Continue Along

These ideas might take a while to sink in, so how about you create your second web page? Copy this code into notepad, like you did before, following the same directions.

HTML Code:


<html>
<head>

<title>My Own Webpage!</title>
</head>

<body>

<h2>Welcome to my webpage</h2>

<p>Coming soon will be my completed webpage that will wow and impress you!</p>



</body>


</html>

After you are sure that your HTML code inside notepad is exactly the same as our provided HTML code, go ahead and save your file. You should be saving this file as "index.html". You may be prompted that you will be saving over a file, that is OK, you do not need your 1st web page anymore. When you are done, please continue.

Types Of Web Site:

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Organized by function, a website may be

It could be the work of an individual, a business or other organization, and is typically dedicated to some particular topic or purpose. Any website can contain a hyperlink to any other website, so the distinction between individual sites, as perceived by the user, may sometimes be blurred.

Websites are written in, or dynamically converted to, HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) and are accessed using a software interface classified as a user agent. Web pages can be viewed or otherwise accessed from a range of computer-based and Internet-enabled devices of various sizes, including desktop computers, laptops, PDAs and cell phones.

A website is hosted on a computer system known as a web server, also called an HTTP server, and these terms can also refer to the software that runs on these systems and that retrieves and delivers the web pages in response to requests from the website users. Apache is the most commonly used web server software (according to Netcraft statistics) and Microsoft's Internet Information Server (IIS) is also commonly used.

Static website

A static website is one that has web pages stored on the server in the format that is sent to a client web browser. It is primarily coded in Hypertext Markup Language (HTML).

Simple forms or marketing examples of websites, such as classic website, a five-page website or a brochure website are often static websites, because they present pre-defined, static information to the user. This may include information about a company and its products and services via text, photos, animations, audio/video and interactive menus and navigation.

This type of website usually displays the same information to all visitors. Similar to handing out a printed brochure to customers or clients, a static website will generally provide consistent, standard information for an extended period of time. Although the website owner may make updates periodically, it is a manual process to edit the text, photos and other content and may require basic website design skills and software.

In summary, visitors are not able to control what information they receive via a static website, and must instead settle for whatever content the website owner has decided to offer at that time.

They are edited using four broad categories of software:

Text editors, such as Notepad or TextEdit, where content and HTML markup are manipulated directly within the editor program
WYSIWYG offline editors, such as Microsoft FrontPage and Adobe Dreamweaver (previously Macromedia Dreamweaver), with which the site is edited using a GUI interface and the final HTML markup is generated automatically by the editor software
WYSIWYG online editors which create media rich online presentation like web pages, widgets, intro, blogs, and other documents.
Template-based editors, such as Rapidweaver and iWeb, which allow users to quickly create and upload web pages to a web server without detailed HTML knowledge, as they pick a suitable template from a palette and add pictures and text to it in a desktop publishing fashion without direct manipulation of HTML code.

Dynamic Website

Main article: dynamic web page

A dynamic website is one that changes or customizes itself frequently and automatically, based on certain criteria.

Dynamic websites can have two types of dynamic activity: Code and Content. Dynamic code is invisible or behind the scenes and dynamic content is visible or fully displayed.

Dynamic Code

The first type is a website with dynamic code hidden inside. The lines of code are constructed dynamically on the fly using active programming language instead of plain, static HTML.

A website with dynamic code refers to its construction or how it is built, and more specifically refers to the code used to create a single web page. A dynamic web page is generated on the fly by piecing together certain blocks of code, procedures or routines. A dynamically-generated web page would call various bits of information from a database and put them together in a pre-defined format to present the reader with a coherent page. It interacts with users in a variety of ways including by reading cookies recognizing users' previous history, session variables, server side variables etc., or by using direct interaction (form elements, mouseovers, etc.). A site can display the current state of a dialogue between users, monitor a changing situation, or provide information in some way personalized to the requirements of the individual user.

Dynamic Content

The second type is a website with dynamic content displayed in plain view. Variable content is displayed dynamically on the fly based on certain criteria, usually by retrieving content stored in a database.

A website with dynamic content refers to how its messages, text, images and other information are displayed on the web page, and more specifically how its content changes at any given moment. The web page content varies based on certain criteria, either pre-defined rules or variable user input. For example, a website with a database of news articles can use a pre-defined rule which tells it to display all news articles for today's date. This type of dynamic website will automatically show the most current news articles on any given date. Another example of dynamic content is when a retail website with a database of media products allows a user to input a search request for the keyword Beatles. In response, the content of the web page will spontaneously change the way it looked before, and will then display a list of Beatles products like CD's, DVD's and books.

Purpose of Dynamic Websites

The main purpose of a dynamic website is automation. A dynamic website can operate more effectively, be built more efficiently and is easier to maintain, update and expand. It is much simpler to build a template and a database than to build hundreds or thousands of individual, static HTML web pages.

Software systems

There are a wide range of software systems, such as Java Server Pages (JSP), the PHP and Perl programming languages, Active Server Pages (ASP), YUMA and Cold Fusion (CFM) that are available to generate dynamic web systems and dynamic sites. Sites may also include content that is retrieved from one or more databases or by using XML-based technologies such as RSS.

Static content may also be dynamically generated either periodically, or if certain conditions for regeneration occur (cached) in order to avoid the performance loss of initiating the dynamic engine on a per-user or per-connection basis.

Plug ins are available to expand the features and abilities of web browsers, which use them to show active content, such as Microsoft Silverlight, Adobe Flash, Adobe Shockwave or applets written in Java. Dynamic HTML also provides for user interactivity and realtime element updating within web pages (i.e., pages don't have to be loaded or reloaded to effect any changes), mainly using the Document Object Model (DOM) and JavaScript, support which is built-in to most modern web browsers.

Turning a website into an income source is a common practice for web developers and website owners. There are several methods for creating a website business which fall into two broad categories, as defined below.

Content-based sites

Some websites derive revenue by selling advertising space on the site (see Contextual advertising).

Product- or service-based sites

Some websites derive revenue by offering products or services for sale. In the case of e-commerce websites, the products or services may be purchased at the website itself, by entering credit card or other payment information into a payment form on the site. While most business websites serve as a shop window for existing brick and mortar businesses, it is increasingly the case that some websites are businesses in their own right; that is, the products they offer are only available for purchase on the web.

Websites occasionally derive income from a combination of these two practices. For example, a website such as an online auctions website may charge the users of its auction service to list an auction, but also display third-party advertisements on the site, from which it derives further income.

Spelling

The forms website and web site are the most commonly used forms, the former especially in British English. The Associated Press Style book, Reuters, Microsoft, academia, book publishing, The Chicago Manual of Style, and dictionaries such as Merriam-Webster use the two-word, initially capitalized spelling Web site. This is because "Web" is not a general term but a short form of World Wide Web. As with many newly created terms, it may take some time before a common spelling is finalized. This controversy also applies to derivative terms such as web page, web master, and web cam.

The Canadian Oxford Dictionary and the Canadian Press Style book list "website" and "web page" as the preferred spellings. The Oxford English Dictionary began using "website" as its standardized form in 2004.^[3]

Bill Walsh, the copy chief of The Washington Post's national desk, and one of American English's foremost grammarians, argues for the two-word spelling with capital W in his books Lapsing into a Comma and The Elephants of Style, and on his site, the Slot.^[4]

Types of websites

There are many varieties of websites, each specializing in a particular type of content or use, and they may be arbitrarily classified in any number of ways. A few such classifications might include:^{[original research?]}

Affiliate: enabled portal that renders not only its custom CMS but also syndicated content from other content providers for an agreed fee. There are usually three relationship tiers. Affiliate Agencies (e.g., Commission Junction), Advertisers (e.g., eBay) and consumer (e.g., Yahoo!).
Archive site: used to preserve valuable electronic content threatened with extinction. Two examples are: Internet Archive, which since 1996 has preserved billions of old (and new) web pages; and Google Groups, which in early 2005 was archiving over 845,000,000 messages posted to Usenet news/discussion groups.
Blog (web log): sites generally used to post online diaries which may include discussion forums (e.g., blogger, Xanga).
Brand building site: a site with the purpose of creating an experience of a brand online. These sites usually do not sell anything, but focus on building the brand. Brand building sites are most common for low-value, high-volume fast moving consumer goods (FMCG).
Content site: sites whose business is the creation and distribution of original content (e.g., Slate, About.com).
Corporate website: used to provide background information about a business, organization, or service.
Electronic commerce (e-commerce) site: a site offering goods and services for online sale and enabling online transactions for such sales.
Community site: a site where persons with similar interests communicate with each other, usually by chat or message boards, such as MySpace or Facebook.
City Site: A site that shows information about a certain city or town and events that takes place in that town. Usually created by the city council or other "movers and shakers".

the same as those of geographic entities, such as cities and countries. For example, Richmond.com is the geodomain for Richmond, Virginia.
Gripe site: a site devoted to the critique of a person, place, corporation, government, or institution.
Forum: a site where people discuss various topics.
Humor site: satirizes, parodies or otherwise exists solely to amuse.
Information site: contains content that is intended to inform visitors, but not necessarily for commercial purposes, such as: RateMyProfessors.com, Free Internet Lexicon and Encyclopedia. Most government, educational and non-profit institutions have an informational site.
Java applet site: contains software to run over the Web as a Web application.
Mirror site: A complete reproduction of a website.
News site: similar to an information site, but dedicated to dispensing news and commentary.
Personal homepage: run by an individual or a small group (such as a family) that contains information or any content that the individual wishes to include. These are usually uploaded using a web hosting service such as Geocities.
Phish site: a website created to fraudulently acquire sensitive information, such as passwords and credit card details, by masquerading as a trustworthy person or business (such as Social Security Administration, PayPal) in an electronic communication (see Phishing).
Political site: A site on which people may voice political views.
Porn site: A site that shows sexually explicit content for enjoyment and relaxation, most likely in the form of an Internet gallery, dating site, blog, social networking, or video sharing.
Rating site: A site on which people can praise or disparage what is featured.
Review site: A site on which people can post reviews for products or services.
School site: a site on which teachers, students, or administrators can post information about current events at or involving their school. U.S. elementary-high school websites generally use k12 in the URL, such as kearney.k12.mo.us.
Social networking site: a site where users could communicate with one another and share media, such as pictures, videos, music, blogs, etc. with other users. These may include games and web applications.
Social bookmarking site: a site where users share other content from the Internet and rate and comment on the content. StumbleUpon and Digg are examples.
Video sharing: A site that enables user to upload videos, such as YouTube and Google Video.
Search engine site: a site that provides general information and is intended as a gateway or lookup for other sites. A pure example is Google, and the most widely known extended type is Yahoo!.
Shock site: includes images or other material that is intended to be offensive to most viewers (e.g. rotten.com).
Warez: a site designed to host and let users download copyrighted materials illegally.
Web portal: a site that provides a starting point or a gateway to other resources on the Internet or an intranet.
Wiki site: a site which users collaboratively edit (such as Wikipedia and Wikihow).

Some websites may be included in one or more of these categories. For example, a business website may promote the business's products, but may also host informative documents, such as white papers. There are also numerous sub-categories to the ones listed above. For example, a porn site is a specific type of e-commerce site or business site (that is, it is trying to sell memberships for access to its site). A fan site may be a dedication from the owner to a particular celebrity.

Websites are constrained by architectural limits (e.g., the computing power dedicated to the website). Very large websites, such as Yahoo!, Microsoft, and Google employ many servers and load balancing equipment such as Cisco Content Services Switches to distribute visitor loads over multiple computers at multiple locations.

In February 2009, Netcraft, an Internet monitoring company that has tracked Web growth since 1995, reported that there were 215,675,903 websites with domain names and content on them in 2009, compared to just 18,000 websites in August 1995.

what is a web site

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A website (also spelled web site) is a collection of related web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that are addressed with a common domain name or IP address in an Internet Protocol-based network. A web site is hosted on at least one web server, accessible via a network such as the Internet or a private local area network.

A web page is a document, typically written in plain text interspersed with formatting instructions of Hypertext Markup Language (HTML, XHTML). A web page may incorporate elements from other websites with suitable markup anchors.

Web pages are accessed and transported with the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which may optionally employ encryption (HTTP Secure, HTTPS) to provide security and privacy for the user of the web page content. The user's application, often a web browser, renders the page content according to its HTML markup instructions onto a display terminal.

All publicly accessible websites collectively constitute the World Wide Web.

The pages of a website can usually be accessed from a simple Uniform Resource Locator (URL) called the homepage. The URLs of the pages organize them into a hierarchy, although hyperlinking between them conveys the reader's perceived site structure and guides the reader's navigation of the site.

Some websites require a subscription to access some or all of their content. Examples of subscription sites include many business sites, parts of many news sites, academic journal sites, gaming sites, message boards, web-based e-mail, services, social networking websites, and sites providing real-time stock market data.